• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a method and a corresponding soft sensor for determining the tensile strength of a strip in a straightening machine, such as a positive-locking bending machine or stretch-bending machine. In the process, the process variables Bandzug the straightening machine, immersion depth of the straightening rollers, stretch rate of the belt and belt geometry of the band he averages. On the basis of the determined process variables, the tensile strength of the strip is determined by means of model calculation.
    公开号:AT513568A2
    申请号:T766/2013
    申请日:2013-10-03
    公开日:2014-05-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Vdeh Betriebsforschungsinstitut Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    PHONE: (+43 1) 532 41 30-0 TELEFAX: (+431) 532 41 31 E-MAIL: MAIL@PATENT.AT SCHÜTZ u. PARTNiß
    PATENT OFFICES KG
    EUROPEAN PATENT AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS A-1200 VIENNA, BRIGITTENAUER LAND 50
    DIPL.-ING. DR, TECHN. ELISABETH SCHOBER DIPL. PHYS. DR. PHIL. TOBIAS FOX DIPL.-ING. WOLFGANG NOSKE
    The invention relates to a method for determining the tensile strength of a flat product and to a corresponding soft sensor for such a determination.
    The material property of tensile strength is an important quality parameter for flat products. An online determination of the tensile strength over the strip length, for example, is an important factor for process optimization and quality assurance. Typically, the determination of the tensile strength or yield strength in a destructive manner by material samples from the beginning of the tape or end of the tape. These methods have the disadvantage that the test takes place offline and time-shifted, so that a process control based on the test data is hardly possible.
    As non-destructive methods for the on-line measurement of tensile strength or yield strength of cold rolled strip, indirect measuring methods such as e.g. IMPOC and HACOM known. These known indirect measuring methods make use of the correlations of the tensile strength to other physical properties, such as magnetizability. In the IMPOC process (IMPOC = Impulse-Magnetic-Process-Online-Controller), for example, the steel strip is pulse magnetized with the aid of current-carrying coils at regular intervals and the residual magnetic field strength of the locally generated magnetization is measured, which is greater, the firmer the material is. In the HACOM (harmonic analysis coil online measurement), a harmonic analysis of eddy current signals to determine the tensile strength is performed. In these methods, the relationship between measured magnetization and the desired tensile strength is established by means of regression models and the correlations between pre-destructive tensile strength and corresponding measured values. With these known methods, a non-destructive determination of the mechanical and technological properties over the entire strip length is possible. However, these methods have the disadvantage of requiring the installation of additional hardware in the production line.
    The published patent application DE 15 73 447 A describes a method and an apparatus for measuring the yield strength of metals during rolling, in which the determination of the yield strength during rolling is continuously possible without the need for sampling and the performance of laboratory tests results. The method makes use of the knowledge that, during rolling, the rolling pressure and the rolling moment in the flat metal products are determined during rolling are substantially dependent on the yield strength, the reduction in the metal (ie the difference between the strip thickness at the entrance of the metal strip in the rolling mill and the strip thickness of the same at its exit from the mill), the radius of the rolling cylinder, the width of the strip during rolling and the strip thickness at the entrance to the rolling mill and from the strip pulls on the strip, forward and reverse. The yield strength is determined on the basis of the known relationship of these quantities from the measured process variables.
    Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a method for determining the tensile strength, in which the tensile strength is determined from process variables.
    This object is achieved by the claimed method and the corresponding soft sensor implementing this method. Advantageous embodiments of the method or of the soft sensor are specified in the subclaims.
    The invention is based on the basic idea that the absolute value as well as the relative change of the strip tension over the strip length at constant further forming conditions are directly dependent on the tensile strength of the strip. At constant forming conditions, i. With a constant mean immersion depth of the straightening rollers, constant degree of stretching and constant belt geometry, the strip tension required to achieve a degree of stretching is therefore a measure of the tensile strength of the strip, so that the tensile strength can be determined from the available process signals and a model calculation.
    In the preferred and subsequently explained embodiments of the method for determining the tensile strength of a strip in a straightening machine, the strip tension acting on the strip and / or the mean depth of penetration of the straightening rolls are measured at least as process variables. In addition, the degree of stretching of the band and the band geometry of the band are particularly preferably determined. From the process variables determined, the tensile strength of the strip is determined by means of model calculation.
    By only one embodiment of the method is explained in more detail below, the invention is not limited to this embodiment. The methods and systems described below are also readily applicable to the method proposed according to the invention in its claimed generality and are disclosed as further developments of a measuring method. 3/14 -3-
    The method according to the invention or the soft sensor can be used in particular for determining the tensile strength in a straightening machine such as, for example, a form-closing bending machine or stretch-bending jig. With such a straightening machine, unplane metal straps can be straightened, which eliminates any unevenness.
    An exemplary stretch bending apparatus in which the method according to the invention could be used is described in the German patent application DE 10 2010 024 714 A1. In such a stretch bending machine, a plurality of straightening rollers are arranged one behind the other in a horizontal band passage direction. The belt, which is offset by means of tensioning rollers below a tensile stress below the elastic limit, is alternately bent around the straightening rollers and undergoes a plastic stretching. Due to the bending in such a stretch bending plant, the strip is under a tensile stress below the elastic limit or yield strength and the strip is alternately bent around the straightening rollers in the plastic or elastic-plastic region. The plastically or elastically-plastically acting straightening rollers are also referred to as stretch rollers or bending rollers.
    The extent to which the band is plastically stretched overall is called the degree of stretching. The degree of stretching can be determined from the difference between the infeed speed and the outfeed speed of the belt in a conventional manner, e.g. from the rotational speed and radius of the tension rollers.
    Since strips of different thickness, width and yield strength are processed in a stretch-bending machine, it is desirable to vary the bending intensity of the individual straightening rollers. For this purpose, the so-called immersion depth or the wrap angle of the band can be varied by the straightening roller. The immersion depth is set by the control system of the stretch bending plant and is known as a process parameter or can be determined by the skilled person from the position of the straightening rollers. As immersion depth, for example, the displacement of a straightening roller can be considered from its standard position in which this just does not stretch the tape. Or one considers as a penetration depth the deflection of the tape from an imaginary plane in which the tape passes through a straightening cassette. Depending on the structure of the directional cassettes but other definitions of the immersion depth are possible. The mean immersion depth is understood to mean the mean value of the immersion depths of the straightening rollers acting successively on the band.
    The strip tension in the straightening machine can be determined from the difference between inlet belt tension and outfeed belt tension. For example, these process variables infeed conveyor and outfeed conveyor can be measured directly with strip tension measuring devices. Alternatively, the strip tension or the strip tension difference can also be reached indirectly via the 4/14 -4-
    Torque of the tension rollers are calculated, which the expert knows to determine in a known manner.
    The inventive method can be used in straightening ribbons of different thickness, width and yield strength, wherein in one embodiment, the thickness and width of the band, which are determined or known in a conventional manner, incorporated into the model calculation.
    The calculation of the tensile strength from the strip passes is done by models. These models can be physical models or even data-based models. In the embodiments described in more detail below, a data-based model is described which is given by a relational function and parameters identified by tensile tests. As the tensile strength meters also use material samples for model identification, it is useful for determining data-based models to determine the model parameters through material samples. First, for example, tensile strength samples are classified according to steel grades and band geometries. All relevant process variables are stored by the belts for which tensile tests are available. The parameters of the models are then determined from the determined process variables and associated results of the tensile specimens, for example as material-specific parameters of a rational function.
    The proposed measuring concept does not require additional measuring instruments in the production line. Accordingly, no additional installation space needs to be created and conversion measures, protective devices and potential belt surface injuries are eliminated. Also, no maintenance of mechanical parts is required. In addition, unlike methods such as e.g. IMPOC, where the tape should have a minimum width of about 500 mm, no limitation in the tape geometry. The method according to the invention or the corresponding soft sensor can be universally used for a wide variety of strip materials, whereas IMPOC and HACOM are limited to magnetizable steel grades, for example. Thus, the tensile strength sensor according to the invention can be offered significantly cheaper than the known online tensile strength measuring devices with comparable performance.
    Preferably, the depth of immersion of the cassettes and the degree of stretching over a period of time are kept constant, so that - with a constant band geometry - the tensile strength of the flat product in the given period depends essentially on the strip tension. The control system of the straightener sets a suitable mean immersion depth of the cassettes. As soon as the mean immersion depth and the degree of stretching are constant, the model-based calculation of the tensile strength can be performed. 5/14 • · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
    If the mean insertion depth of the straightening machine is used as an actuator in the degree of stretch control of a straightening machine, however, instead of the strip tension, the mean immersion depth can also be considered as a measure of the change in tensile strength.
    The method is suitable for online measurement of tensile strength. An online measurement has the advantage that measured values over the entire strip length are available and can be used for process feedback.
    The method of determining tensile strength may be implemented in the form of a soft sensor, wherein the soft sensor is a computer program having instructions that implement the method of determining tensile strength on a computer system. The soft sensor calculates the desired tensile strength of a strip based on several measurable process variables that can provide information about the tensile strength. Such a soft sensor can be used as a control unit for a straightening machine.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to illustrative drawing showing only embodiment. It shows
    Fiq. 1: a schematic representation of an exemplary form-fitting bending machine;
    FIG. FIG. 2 shows, as indicated, the forming conditions in the exemplary final forming machine; FIG.
    Fiq. 3 is a schematic diagram of a soft sensor or the method implemented by the soft sensor according to an embodiment of the invention; and
    Fiq. Figure 4: Graphs of test results showing the change in strip tension over the strip length as a measure of tensile strength.
    Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary form-fitting bending machine. A belt 2 to be straightened, e.g. a steel belt, passes through the positive-locking bending machine 1. Straightening rollers 3 are arranged in a horizontal band passing direction one behind the other. The tensioned by means of tension rollers 6 (S-rollers) under a tension band 2 is bent around the straightening rollers 3 and undergoes a plastic stretching. The adjustable relative to the tape straightening rollers 3 are deflection rollers 4 upstream and downstream, which have a larger diameter than the straightening rollers 3. In a positive-locking bending machine 1, the rollers are arranged so that the belt 2 6/14 -6- is brought by a positive connection on the straightening rollers 3 in the desired shape. In Fig. 1, two form-fitting bending cassettes 5 are shown, each with a straightening roller 3 and two pulleys 4.
    Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of the form-fitting bending cassettes 5 with straightening rollers 3. In the illustration, the forming conditions are indicated. The infeed speed vt and the exit speed v2 represent the degree of stretch of the belt 2. The more the belt 2 is stretched, the faster the belt runs. The sizes h1 and h2 indicate the strip thickness at entry and exit. The arrows Si and s2 indicate the setting of the mean immersion depth over the positions of the respective form-fitting bending cassettes 5. In the exemplary embodiment, the displacement s, or s2, of a straightening roller from its standard position can be considered as the immersion depth, at which it does not yet stretch the tape.
    These forming conditions are preferably kept constant over a certain period of time in an embodiment shown here, which facilitates the calculation of the tensile strength from these process variables in that the tensile strength is only dependent on the strip tension, which can then be used as a manipulated variable.
    3 shows a schematic diagram of a soft sensor or the method implemented by the soft sensor with input and output variables of the model calculation according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The positions of the form-fitting bending cassettes are - e.g. averaging - digestion of the middle cassette position at time t. From the middle cassette position an immersion depth zm (f) can be determined by e.g. Derive averaging of the respective immersion depths of the cassettes. The infeed and drawstrings of the S-rolls at time t give a strip tension difference train (t). Run-in speed v, and exit speed v2 give the degree of stretch (t) of the belt at time t. The degree of stretching can be obtained, for example, from the ratio v2 / v-. In addition to these process variables, the belt geometry, here the thickness and the width of the belt, and a material parameter Matnr, which for example identifies the steel grade, also flow into the model calculation of the soft sensor. The model calculation of the soft sensor provides the tensile strength Rm (t) at time t.
    In one embodiment, the following relational function is used with model parameters b1 6 (Matnr) to calculate the tensile strength Rm (t):
    Rm (t, Thickness, Porridge, Measure) = bt (M atnr) + b2jMütnryzm (t ') + b2 {Matnr ^ Tensile (t) -f bs {Matnr) Thickness + · b ^ {Matnr) Width bA ( M atnr) Degree of sifting (t ~) 7/14 • ft ···· · · · · · · ♦ · ♦ ··· # ♦ · · · ··· t · ·; ft ft · · · -7-
    Here, zm (t), tensile (t) and degree of stretching (t) are the process variables mean immersion depth of the tape at time t, tape tension difference at time t, and stretching degree of the tape at time t. Thickness and width denote the substantially constant strip thickness or the strip width of the strip. Matnr specifies the material of the tape. For example, the band can be characterized by the material number of the steel grade. b ^ Matnr), b2 (Matnr), ^ (Μθίηή, b4 (Matnfy bs {Matnr), be (Matnr) are the material-dependent model parameters determined by tensile tests, Rm (t, thickness, width, Μβίηή, finally, refers to those based on the Model function determined tensile strength at time t.
    Fig. 4 shows graphs of test results showing the change of the strip tension over the strip length as a measure of the tensile strength. In the example, the mean depth of immersion and the degree of stretching is kept constant over a period of time, so that at a constant band geometry, the tensile strength of the flat product in this period depends essentially on the strip tension. In one experiment, the process variables speed, degree of stretching, mean immersion depth and intake run were determined according to the belt length (or time t). In the experiment, a suitable mean immersion depth of the cassette was set on the control system of the positive-locking bending machine. After a certain strip length (at about 200 on the right-value axis), the mean immersion depth and also the degree of stretching are essentially constant. Thereafter, the measured strip tension is a measure of the tensile strength of the strip. 8/14
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. A method for determining the tensile strength of a strip in a straightening machine, such as a form-locking or stretch-bending machine, in which the process forces acting on the tape strip tension and / or the immersion depth of the straightening roller are determined and in which the tensile strength of the tape determined by means of model calculation on the basis of the determined process variables.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the following further process variables are determined: degree of stretching of the strip, and strip geometry of the strip.
    [3]
    3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the strip tension of the straightening machine is determined from the difference between intake and Auslaufzug, wherein Einlaufzug and exit train measured with Bandzugmessgeräten or indirectly determined by the torques of the tension rollers of the leveler.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the immersion depth of the straightening rollers is determined from the position of the straightening rollers.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the degree of stretch of the strip from the inlet speed and the outlet speed of the belt is determined.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the band geometry is determined from the strip thickness and the band width of the strip, which are substantially constant.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the model calculation is based on a data-based model.
    [8]
    8. The method of claim 7, wherein the model parameters of the model are determined by material samples by tensile strength samples classified according to steel grades and belt geometries are created, the relevant process variables from the bands for which train samples are stored, and from the determined process variables and associated results of Tensile Strengths Model parameters of the data-based model are determined. 9/14 • · • · • φ * φφ • φ ft • · ♦ · φφφ #

    • · · φ φ «• φ · φ • ΦΦ φ φφ -9-
    [9]
    9. Method according to the preceding claim, in which the model calculation is based on the following rational model function: R m (t, Dihehe, Breite, Matnr) - l ^ CMöinr} 4- b2tMatnr) 2m (t) 4- b3CMatnr) Tensile (t ) -1- bs (Matnr) Thickness + b6CMatnr} Width bA (M atnr) 5tradingrad (t} where zm (t), Tensile (t) and Degree of Stretch (t) are the mean immersion depth of the tape at time t, the tape tension difference at the time t, or the degree of stretch of the strip at time t denote thickness and width, the strip thickness or the bandwidth, ie the band geometry, Matnr specified the steel grade (for example, the material number) of the band, b ^ Matnr), b2 {Matnr), b3 (Matnr), b4 (Matnr), b5 (Matnr), b6 (Matnr) are material dependent model parameters determined by tensile specimens, and Rm (t, Thickness, Width, Matno) designates the tensile strength determined at time t based on the model function.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the immersion depth of the straightening rollers and the degree of stretching over a period of time are kept constant, so that the tensile strength of the band in this period depends essentially on the strip tension.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the strip tension and the degree of stretching are kept constant over a period of time, so that the tensile strength of the band in this period depends essentially on the immersion depth.
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the model calculation is based on a physical model.
    [13]
    13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the process variables are continuously determined to allow an online measurement of the tensile strength.
    [14]
    14. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the determined tensile strength is used for process feedback.
    [15]
    A soft feel sensor for determining the tensile strength of a belt in a straightening machine, such as a positive-locking or stretch-bending machine, wherein the soft-sensor includes computer program instructions implementing the method of any one of the preceding claims. 10/14 ·· ·· »· • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 6. A control unit for a straightening machine, such as a form-fitting bending machine or stretch-bending machine, comprising a soft-sensor according to claim 15, for measuring the tensile strength of a belt during the processing process. 11/14
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    BE672117A|1965-11-09|1966-05-09|
    DE2947233C2|1979-11-23|1992-03-12|Kocks Technik Gmbh & Co, 4010 Hilden|Device for controlling the wall thickness of pipes|
    JPH0457611A|1990-06-22|1992-02-25|Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd|Manufacture of clutch piston|
    SE467665B|1990-12-12|1992-08-24|Bengt Andreasson|PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING AND REGULATING THE TENSION IN A CIRCUIT|
    DE10230449A1|2002-07-06|2004-01-15|BFI VDEh-Institut für angewandte Forschung GmbH|Determining straightening roller position control parameter involves deriving shape function coefficients from flatness errors, deriving target coefficients, converting to position control parameters|
    DE102009041852A1|2009-09-18|2011-04-07|Bwg Bergwerk- Und Walzwerk-Maschinenbau Gmbh|Method and apparatus for continuous stretch bending of metal strips|
    DE102010024714C5|2010-06-23|2018-10-18|Bwg Bergwerk- Und Walzwerk-Maschinenbau Gmbh|Method for stretch bending of metal strips and stretch bending plant|CN106345823B|2016-08-31|2018-02-27|北京首钢自动化信息技术有限公司|The method of online real-time estimate mechanical performance based on coils of hot-rolled steel production procedure|
    DE102017202909A1|2016-11-07|2018-05-09|Sms Group Gmbh|Method and plant for producing a metallic strip|
    IT201700035735A1|2017-03-31|2018-10-01|Marcegaglia Carbon Steel S P A|Evaluation apparatus of mechanical and microstructural properties of a metallic material, in particular a steel, and relative method|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102012020444.2A|DE102012020444B4|2012-10-18|2012-10-18|Method for determining the tensile strength of a strip in a straightening machine and tensile softness sensor|
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